La categoria dei giornalisti ormai da anni si arrovella per cercare una via d’uscita da una empasse che sembra essere infinita: la crisi della carta stampata, i giornali online che non decollano, i collaboratori pagati pochi spiccioli a pezzo e i sempre più scarni investimenti in pubblicità dei privati. Al punto da far chiedere ai più pessimisti dei colleghi se questo mestiere ha ancora un senso.
L’esempio americano
Bisogna guardare allora a ovest. Gli Stati Uniti hanno vissuto una crisi dell’informazione non così diversa da quella nostrana, e ne sono usciti con un rinnovato concetto di giornalismo che non ha paura del web. Anzi, ne sfrutta appieno le enormi possibilità. Si pensi al Washington Post dei Graham, il giornale dello scandalo Watergate che non è morto solo perché è stato rilevato da Jeff Bezos, patron di Amazon, che lo ha letteralmente resuscitato. Nel 2017 il Washington Post è tornato in utile ed è pronto ad assumere. Spiega Il Sole 24 Ore:
Particolare attenzione è stata posta sulla distribuzione dei contenuti. La versione mobile dei siti è stata resa ultraveloce – lavorando assieme a Google – sulla base dell’assunto che i lettori scelgono l’informazione digitale anche considerando la rapidità a essere caricata su smartphone. Il “Post” ha così conquistato un vantaggio tecnologico enorme rispetto a una concorrenza lentissima sul mobile. Non solo. Sono state lanciate 62 differenti newsletter per distribuire i contenuti, assieme a un’imponente attività social, il tutto gestito da nuove redazioni. L’iniziale diffidenza dei giornalisti è svanita quando hanno scoperto che in appena un anno di “cura Bezos” gli abbonamenti erano raddoppiati. Ora si punta molto sul video per smartphone e tablet, in grado di dare grandi soddisfazioni sul fronte advertising.
ProPublica e il Pulitzer
Insomma, si può fare buona informazione e vivere del proprio lavoro. Anzi, si può fare ottima informazione. L’esempio di ProPublica è calzante. Fondato nel 2007, ProPublica non ha fini di lucro e vive grazie alle donazioni di privati e fondazioni. E nel 2010 con un reportage sulla gestione delle criticità del post Uragano Kathrina è stato il primo sito internet a guadagnarsi il Pulitzer.
Rotella ospite della Summer School UCSI
Sarà Sebastian Rotella, a capo del pool investigativo di ProPublica, l’ospite d’onore della prossima summer school di Giornalismo Investigativo che organizza l’Ucsi (Unione Cattolica Stampa Italiana) in un luogo simbolo come Casal di Principe. L’appuntamento è dal 14 al 16 settembre.
“Questa edizione – spiega Luigi Ferraiuolo, giornalista e direttore della summer school – è dedicata ai giornalisti sotto attacco e al futuro dell’informazione. Con questa lunga transizione mondiale dell’informazione verso il digitale, il mondo dei media che fino a pochi anni fa conoscevamo è cambiato tutto e continuerà a cambiare. Perciò, noi che siamo un luogo deputato alla riflessione, abbiamo pensato di interrogare il futuro che già esiste negli Stati Uniti per capire come si muoverà l’Italia e l’Europa o non si muoveranno, perché incapaci di affrontare le sfide”.
“Contemporaneamente – continua Ferraiuolo – la professione è sotto attacco perché i giornalisti sono sotto attacco. Di continuo, anche in Europa, i colleghi vengono uccisi o minacciati. Quindi cercheremo di capire perché si arriva addirittura a uccidere un giornalista nei più avanzati paesi del mondo. Quest’anno ci sarà una forte propensione all’estero, con un ospite d’onore, Sebastian Rotella, il capo del pool investigativo di ProPublica, e tanti altri giornalisti stranieri per capire cosa succede in Turchia, a Malta, in Messico e Venezuela. Nel mondo in genere: perché lo sguardo deve essere largo, se vogliamo costruirci un futuro e capire cosa accade. D’altro lato il confronto con i colleghi stranieri ci permette di crescere e migliorarci”.
“Col giornalismo al giorno d’oggi in Italia non ci si pagano più le bollette – spiega Ferraiuolo – Fare un pezzo al giorno per un quotidiano non ti permette più di vivere. Forse non è mai stato realmente possibile, ma almeno era un introito serio. Che contribuiva al ménage. Oggi è pari a nulla. Ed è un grande errore degli editori: l’informazione deve essere ben pagata ai giornalisti, altrimenti non si potrà mai pretendere la qualità. E i lettori quando l’informazione non è di qualità e le cercano altrove. Questo è riferito particolarmente alla stampa ma anche ai tg fotocopia e carichi di ideologia. Chiedere a me, che ho fondato il Premio Buone Notizie, quanto conta la corretta informazione è praticamente retorico. Noi siamo volontari, anche la Summer School di giornalismo investigativo è tutta volontariato ed è gratuita per i colleghi. Corretta informazione significa anche verifica fonti, accuratezza scrittura, immagini, rispetto persone, capacità di vedere oltre la cronaca e leggere la società. Solo con la buona informazione si leggono i giornali. Un collega americano mi ha spiegato che il lavoro del giornalista negli Usa è sacro, e quindi il giornalista, perché ogni singola informazione vale denaro. Si comprano i giornali per informarsi, non perché si vuole vedere criticare per partito preso un singolo governo o una istituzione. Ma mi rendo conto che in Italia sarà una utopia. D’altro canto il giornalismo investigativo è fondamentale. Negli ultimi anni lo ha dimostrato con i Panama papers, il caso Assange, Snowden, Jan Kuciak in Slovacchia. E potrei tristemente continuare. Solo che fare giornalismo investigativo è difficile – bisogna studiare, per questo ci siamo noi – e può essere pericoloso!”.
Iscriversi alla Summer School
Per l’iscrizione è necessario mandare una mail a summerschoolucsi@gmail.com. Ci sono dieci borse di studio per l’ospitalità per i colleghi giovani, precari o disoccupati.
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